1914 Nobel Prize in Literature
1914 Nobel Prize in Literature | ||||
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"in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction". | ||||
Location | Stockholm, Sweden | |||
Presented by | Swedish Academy | |||
First awarded | 1901 | |||
1914 laureate | none | |||
Website | Official website | |||
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The 1914 Nobel Prize in Literature was not awarded when the committee's deliberations were upset by the beginning of World War I (1914–1918).[1] Thus, the prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section.[2] This was the first occasion in Nobel history that the prize was not conferred.
Nominations
Despite no author(s) being awarded for the 1914 prize, numerous literary critics, societies and academics still sent nominations to the Nobel Committee of the Swedish Academy. In total, the academy received 26 nominations for 24 writers.[3]
Seven of the nominees were nominated first-time including Willem Kloos, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Vilhelm Grønbech, René Bazin, and Josef Svatopluk Machar. The highest number of nominations – two nominations each – were for Harald Høffding, Ángel Guimerá Jorge, and Carl Spitteler (awarded in 1919). Two Italian female writers were nominated Dora Melegari and Grazia Deledda (awarded in 1926).[3]
The authors Delmira Agustini, Dimitrie Anghel, Jakub Arbes, Robert Hugh Benson, Robert Jones Burdette, Nikolai Chayev, Mariana Cox Méndez, Alessandro d'Ancona, Danske Dandridge, Mircea Demetriade, Augusto dos Anjos, Edith Maude Eaton, Henri-Alban Fournier (known as Alain-Fournier), Jules Lemaître, Theodor Lipps, Isabella Fyvie Mayo, Christian Morgenstern, Charles Sanders Peirce, Charles Péguy, Bhaktivinoda Thakur, Brandon Thomas, Georg Trakl, Bertha von Suttner (who won the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize), Theodore Watts-Dunton, and Peyo Yavorov died in 1914 without having been nominated for the prize.
No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
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1 | Juhani Aho (1861–1921) | Russia ( Finland) | novel, short story | Erik Axel Karlfeldt (1864–1931) |
2 | René Bazin (1853–1932) | France | novel | Pierre Loti (1850–1923) |
3 | Henri Bergson (1859–1941) | France | philosophy | Vitalis Norström (1856–1916) |
4 | Paul Bourget (1852–1935) | France | novel, short story, literary criticism, essays | René Bazin (1853–1932) |
5 | Grazia Deledda (1871–1936) | Italy | novel, short story, essays | Carl Bildt (1850–1931) |
6 | Jean-Henri Fabre (1823–1915) | France | short story, essays, poetry | Johan Vising (1855–1942) |
7 | Émile Faguet (1847–1916) | France | literary criticism, essays | Harald Hjärne (1848–1922) |
8 | Salvatore Farina (1846–1918) | Italy | novel, short story | members of the Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere |
9 | Adolf Frey (1855–1920) | Switzerland | biography, history, essays | Wilhelm Oechsli (1851–1919) |
10 | Karl Adolph Gjellerup (1857–1919) | Denmark | poetry, drama, novel |
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11 | Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) | Denmark | history, essays, poetry | Harald Hjärne (1848–1922) |
12 | Ángel Guimerá Jorge (1845–1924) | Spain | drama, poetry |
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13 | Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) | Great Britain | novel, short story, poetry, drama | members of the Royal Society of Literature |
14 | Harald Høffding (1843–1931) | Denmark | philosophy, theology |
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15 | Willem Kloos (1859–1938) | Netherlands | poetry, essays, literary criticism |
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16 | Josef Svatopluk Machar (1864–1942) | Austria-Hungary ( Czechoslovakia) | poetry, essays, novel |
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17 | Dora Melegari (1849–1924) | Switzerland Italy | novel, short story, essays, literary criticism | Louis Duchesne (1843–1922) |
18 | Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) | Russia | novel, essays, poetry, drama | Nestor Kotlyarevsky (1863–1925) |
19 | Benito Pérez Galdós (1843–1920) | Spain | novel, short story, drama, essays |
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20 | Edmond Picard (1836–1924) | Belgium | drama, law, essays | Maurice Maeterlinck (1862–1949) |
21 | Antonio Serra Morant (1866–1936) | Spain | essays | Eloy Señán Alonso (1858–1923) |
22 | Carl Spitteler (1845–1924) | Switzerland | poetry, essays |
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23 | Ernst von der Recke (1848–1933) | Denmark | poetry, drama | 11 professors from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters |
24 | William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) | Ireland | poetry, drama, essays | George Noble Plunkett (1851–1948) |
References
- v
- t
- e
- 1901: Sully Prudhomme
- 1902: Theodor Mommsen
- 1903: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
- 1904: Frédéric Mistral / José Echegaray
- 1905: Henryk Sienkiewicz
- 1906: Giosuè Carducci
- 1907: Rudyard Kipling
- 1908: Rudolf Eucken
- 1909: Selma Lagerlöf
- 1910: Paul Heyse
- 1911: Maurice Maeterlinck
- 1912: Gerhart Hauptmann
- 1913: Rabindranath Tagore
- 1914
- 1915: Romain Rolland
- 1916: Verner von Heidenstam
- 1917: Karl Gjellerup / Henrik Pontoppidan
- 1918
- 1919: Carl Spitteler
- 1920: Knut Hamsun
- 1921: Anatole France
- 1922: Jacinto Benavente
- 1923: W. B. Yeats
- 1924: Władysław Reymont
- 1925: George Bernard Shaw
- 1926: Grazia Deledda
- 1927: Henri Bergson
- 1928: Sigrid Undset
- 1929: Thomas Mann
- 1930: Sinclair Lewis
- 1931: Erik Axel Karlfeldt (posthumously)
- 1932: John Galsworthy
- 1933: Ivan Bunin
- 1934: Luigi Pirandello
- 1935
- 1936: Eugene O'Neill
- 1937: Roger Martin du Gard
- 1938: Pearl S. Buck
- 1939: Frans Eemil Sillanpää
- 1940
- 1941
- 1942
- 1943
- 1944: Johannes V. Jensen
- 1945: Gabriela Mistral
- 1946: Hermann Hesse
- 1947: André Gide
- 1948: T. S. Eliot
- 1949: William Faulkner
- 1950: Bertrand Russell
- 1951: Pär Lagerkvist
- 1952: François Mauriac
- 1953: Winston Churchill
- 1954: Ernest Hemingway
- 1955: Halldór Laxness
- 1956: Juan Ramón Jiménez
- 1957: Albert Camus
- 1958: Boris Pasternak
- 1959: Salvatore Quasimodo
- 1960: Saint-John Perse
- 1961: Ivo Andrić
- 1962: John Steinbeck
- 1963: Giorgos Seferis
- 1964: Jean-Paul Sartre (declined award)
- 1965: Mikhail Sholokhov
- 1966: Shmuel Yosef Agnon / Nelly Sachs
- 1967: Miguel Ángel Asturias
- 1968: Yasunari Kawabata
- 1969: Samuel Beckett
- 1970: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
- 1971: Pablo Neruda
- 1972: Heinrich Böll
- 1973: Patrick White
- 1974: Eyvind Johnson / Harry Martinson
- 1975: Eugenio Montale
- 1976: Saul Bellow
- 1977: Vicente Aleixandre
- 1978: Isaac Bashevis Singer
- 1979: Odysseas Elytis
- 1980: Czesław Miłosz
- 1981: Elias Canetti
- 1982: Gabriel García Márquez
- 1983: William Golding
- 1984: Jaroslav Seifert
- 1985: Claude Simon
- 1986: Wole Soyinka
- 1987: Joseph Brodsky
- 1988: Naguib Mahfouz
- 1989: Camilo José Cela
- 1990: Octavio Paz
- 1991: Nadine Gordimer
- 1992: Derek Walcott
- 1993: Toni Morrison
- 1994: Kenzaburō Ōe
- 1995: Seamus Heaney
- 1996: Wisława Szymborska
- 1997: Dario Fo
- 1998: José Saramago
- 1999: Günter Grass
- 2000: Gao Xingjian
- 2001: V. S. Naipaul
- 2002: Imre Kertész
- 2003: J. M. Coetzee
- 2004: Elfriede Jelinek
- 2005: Harold Pinter
- 2006: Orhan Pamuk
- 2007: Doris Lessing
- 2008: J. M. G. Le Clézio
- 2009: Herta Müller
- 2010: Mario Vargas Llosa
- 2011: Tomas Tranströmer
- 2012: Mo Yan
- 2013: Alice Munro
- 2014: Patrick Modiano
- 2015: Svetlana Alexievich
- 2016: Bob Dylan
- 2017: Kazuo Ishiguro
- 2018: Olga Tokarczuk
- 2019: Peter Handke
- 2020: Louise Glück
- 2021: Abdulrazak Gurnah
- 2022: Annie Ernaux
- 2023: Jon Fosse
- 2024: to be announced