Sadie Neakok

American judge

Sadie Neakok (March 16, 1916 – June 13, 2004)^[1] or Tagiagiña (last name pronounced Niaquq in Iñupiaq) was the first female magistrate in Alaska.^[2]^[3] She served in Alaska's Second Judicial District in Utqiaġvik, Alaska.

Personal life

Her father, Charles D. Brower, was a United States Commissioner in the Alaska territory and her mother, Ahsiangatok (Asiaŋŋataq), was Iñupiaq from the Barrow area.^[4]^[5] Her father originally moved to the Alaska to work as a commercial whaler and was the first white settler there.^[5] Neakok was born in 1916.^[5] One of ten children, she was sent to San Francisco, California at the age of 14 to attend high school and then attended the University of Alaska.^[4]^[5] After graduation, she worked first in a hospital, and then as a teacher in a Bureau of Indian Affairs school and a social worker.^[6]^[4]^[5]

She married Nathaniel Neakok, a whaling boat captain^[5] who also worked at the Barrow Airport, in 1940 and together they had 13 children and several foster children.^[4]^[5] As of 1989^[update], the couple had been married for over 50 years.^[5] Her oldest son, Bill, was mayor of Utqiaġvik (then Barrow) in the 1970s.^[4]

She died in 2004. In 1992 Margaret B. Blackman wrote her biography, Sadie Brower Neakok: An Inupiaq Woman.^[5]

In 2009, Neakok was inducted into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame.^[7] She was the first woman elder in her Presbyterian church.^[5]

Judicial career

She became a magistrate in Alaska's Second Judicial District when the territory gained statehood in 1958.^[4] She ran the court in both the English and Iñupiaq languages,^[4] and had to fight to allow cases to be heard in the local language when defendants did not speak English.^[5] She followed Eben Hopson, who encouraged her to take the position.^[6] Before a courthouse was built, she heard cases in her kitchen.^[5]

Inuit advocate

As a half Inupiaq, Neakok was an advocate in Alaska and in Washington DC for Inuit causes.^[4] As a child, she saw the local Naval base enforcing discriminatory segregation against the native people, inspiring her to defend them.^[6] As an adult, she served on the tribal council.^[6]

In 1961, in response to what she viewed as an unjust hunting law, she helped organize The Barrow Duck-In.^[8]^[6]^[5]

References

^ "Sadie Neakok". Fold3. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
^ "Profiles in Change: Names, Notes and Quotes for Alaskan Women – Sadie Neakok". www.alaskool.org. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
^ United States of American Congressional Record. Government Printing Office.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Burks, Edward C. (December 13, 1971). "Her Court Is on Arctic Shores, Her Cause Is Eskimos' Rights". The New York Times. p. 50. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Blackman, Margaret B. (1992). Sadie Brower Neakok: An Inupiaq Woman. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-97180-3. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Sadie Neakok". Alaskool. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
^ "Sadie Naekok". Alaska Women's Hall of Fame. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
^ Burwell, Mitchel. ""Hunger Knows No Law" : Seminal Native Protest and The Barrow Duck-In of 1961" (PDF). Berring Straight School District. Retrieved May 3, 2020.