Punicalagin
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Other names 2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-4,6-(S,S)-gallagyl-D-glucose α-punicalagin β-punicalagin | |
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Properties | |
Chemical formula | C48H28O30 |
Molar mass | 1084.71 g/mol |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references |
Chemical compound
Punicalagin (Pyuni-cala-jen) is an ellagitannin, a type of phenolic compound. It is found as alpha and beta isomers in pomegranates (Punica granatum), Terminalia catappa, Terminalia myriocarpa,[1] and in Combretum molle, the velvet bushwillow, a plant species found in South Africa.[2] These three genera are all Myrtales and the last two are both Combretaceae.
Research
Punicalagins are water-soluble and hydrolyze into smaller phenolic compounds, such as ellagic acid.
There were no toxic effects in rats on a 6% diet of punicalagins for 37 days.[3] In laboratory research, punicalagins had carbonic anhydrase inhibitor activity.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Marzouk, M. S. A.; El-Toumy, S. A. A.; Moharram, F. A.; Shalaby, N. M.; Ahmed, A. A. (2002). "Pharmacologically Active Ellagitannins from Terminalia myriocarpa". Planta Medica. 68 (6): 523–527. doi:10.1055/s-2002-32549. PMID 12094296.
- ^ Asres, K.; Bucar, F.; Knauder, E.; Yardley, V.; Kendrick, H.; Croft, S. L. (2001). "In vitro antiprotozoal activity of extract and compounds from the stem bark of Combretum molle". Phytotherapy Research. 15 (7): 613–617. doi:10.1002/ptr.897. PMID 11746844. S2CID 24511496.
- ^ Cerdá, B; Cerón, J. J; Tomás-Barberán, F. A; Espín, J. C (2003). "Repeated oral administration of high doses of the pomegranate ellagitannin punicalagin to rats for 37 days is not toxic". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 51 (11): 3493–501. doi:10.1021/jf020842c. PMID 12744688.
- ^ Satomi, H.; Umemura, K.; Ueno, A.; Hatano, T.; Okuda, T.; Noro, T. (1993). "Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors from the pericarps of Punica granatum L". Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 16 (8): 787–790. doi:10.1248/bpb.16.787. PMID 8220326.
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Types of ellagitannins
- Diphenolic acid : Hexahydroxydiphenic acid (HHDP)
- Triphenolic acids : Nonahydroxytriphenic acid
- Sanguisorbic acid
- Valoneic acid
- Tetraphenolic acids : Isoterchebulic acid
- Terchebulinic acid
- Ellagic acid
- Gallagic acid
- Gallagic acid dilactone
- Luteic acid
- Sanguisorbic acid dilactone
- Valoneic acid dilactone
- Acetonyl geraniin
- Alnusiin
- Bicornin
- Carlesiin
- Casuarictin
- Emblicanin A and B
- Euscaphinin
- Galloyl pedunculagin
- Grandinin
- Helioscopinin B
- Jolkinin
- Lagerstannin A, B and C
- Macranganin
- Myrobalanitannin
- Nupharin A, B, C, D, E and F
- Pedunculagin
- Punicalagin
- Punigluconin
- Phyllanemblinin A, B, C, D, E and F
- Punicalin
- Roburin E
- Rugosin E
- Sanguiin H-5
- Stenophyllanin A, B and C
- Strictinin
- Tellimagrandin I and II
- Teracatain
- Terchebulin
- Terflavin A and B
- Tergallic acid
- Tergallic acid dilactone
C-glycosidic ellagitannins |
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Dehydroellagitannins (molecules with dehydrohexahydroxydiphenic acid (DHHDP) |
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Transformed ellagitannins |
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- Dimers
- Agrimoniin
- Cornusiin E (dimer of tellimagrandin II)
- Lambertianin A and B
- Nobotanin B
- Roburin A, B, C and D
- Sanguiin H-6
- Trimers
- Lambertianin C
- Raspberry ellagitannin
- Tetramers
- Lambertianin D
- Nobotanin S
- Pentamer
- Melastoflorin A
- Flavono-ellagitannins (hybrid type)
- Urolithins (metabolites)
- Pomegranate ellagitannins