Kott language

Extinct Yeniseian language of Siberia

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Kott
kottuen
Native to	Russia
Ethnicity	Kott, Asan
Extinct	19th century^[1]
Language family	Dené–Yeniseian? Yeniseian Southern Yeniseian Kott
Dialects	Kott Assan Kyshtym^[2]
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`zko`
Linguist List	`zko.html`
Glottolog	`kott1239`

The Kott (Kot) language (Russian: Коттский язык) is an extinct Yeniseian language that was formerly spoken in central Siberia by the banks of the Mana River, a tributary of the Yenisei river. It became extinct in the 1850s. Kott was closely related to Ket, still spoken farther north along the Yenisei river. Assan, a close relative, is sometimes considered a dialect of Kott.^[3]

In 1858, Matthias Castrén published the grammar and dictionary (Versuch einer jenissei-ostjakischen und kottischen Sprachlehre), which included material on the Kott and Ket (Yenisei-Ostyak) languages. There also exists a book made by G.K.Verner "kottskij jazyk" about the Kott language.^[4]

Kott had been influenced by Turkic languages, and had borrowed some words from Turkic languages. For example Kott baktîr- ‘to praise’ comes from Proto-Turkic *paktïr or Kott kolá ‘copper, brass’ comes from Proto-Turkic *kola.^[5]

Kott has special end markings to indicate that the noun being described is a hydronym which are -šet/čet.^[2]^[3]

Phonology

Vowels

Vowels in Kott^[3]
	Front	Central	Back
Close	i [i]	ɨ [ɨ]	u [u]
Close-mid	e [e]		o [o]
Open-mid	ɛ [ɛ]		ɔ [ɔ]
Open	ä [æ]	a [a]

Consonants

Consonants in Kott^[3]
			Labial	Dental	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Laryngeal/ Pharyngeal
Plosive	voiceless	plain	p [p]	t [t]		tʼ [tʲ]	k [k]	q [q]	ʔ [ʔ]
	voiceless	aspirated	pʰ [pʰ]	tʰ [tʰ]
	voiced		b [b]	d [d]		dʼ [dʲ]	g [g]	G [ɢ]
Fricative	voiceless		f [f]	s [s]	š [ʃ]	j [j]	x [x]	χ [χ]	h [h]
Fricative	voiced
Affricate						č [t͡ʃ]
Lateral				l [l]	lʼ [lʲ]
Trill				r [r]
Nasal			m [m]	n [n]		nʼ [nʲ]	ŋ [ŋ]

References

^ "Kott". Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
^ ^a ^b Georg, Stefan; Georg, Stefan (2007). Introduction, phonology, morphology. A descriptive grammar of Ket (Yenisei-Ostyak) / Stefan Georg. Folkestone: Global Oriental. ISBN 978-1-901903-58-4.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Werner, Heinrich (1997). Abriß der kottischen Grammatik [Kott Grammar Outline] (in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 13. ISBN 3-447-03971-X.
^ Verner, G. K. (Г. К. Вернер) (1990). Kottsky yazyk Коттский язык [Kott Language] (in Russian). Rostov-na-Donu: Izdatel'stvo rostovskogo universiteta. ISBN 5-7507-0357-6.
^ Khabtagaeva, Bayarma (2015). "Some Remarks on Turkic Elements of Mongolic Origin in Yeniseian". Studia Etymologica Cracoviensia. 20 (2): 111–126. doi:10.4467/20843836SE.15.008.2794.