Eleanor of Scotland
Eleanor of Scotland | |
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Archduchess consort of Austria | |
Tenure | 1449–1480 |
Born | 1433 |
Died | 20 November 1480(1480-11-20) (aged 46–47) |
Burial | Stams |
Spouse | Sigismund, Archduke of Austria |
House | Stewart |
Father | James I of Scotland |
Mother | Joan Beaufort |
Eleanor of Scotland (1433 – 20 November 1480) was an Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Sigismund, Archduke of Austria, a noted translator, and regent of Austria in 1455–58 and 1467. She was a daughter of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort.
Early life
Eleanor was the sixth child of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort.[1] James I was known for his great love of literature which he passed on to Eleanor and her sister Margaret.[1]
Starting in 1445, Eleanor lived at the court of Charles VII of France, where it was suggested that she should marry Frederick, King of the Romans.[1][2] In 1447, she accompanied Marie of Anjou, Queen of France, on a pilgrimage on Mont Saint-Michel.[3]
Archduchess of Austria
In 1448 or 1449 the teenage Eleanor married Sigismund, a Habsburg Duke, then Archduke of Further Austria, and finally ruler of Tyrol (from 1446 to 1490).[1][2]
Eleanor served as regent for her husband from 1455 to 1458 and again in 1467.[2]
Heinrich Steinhöwel dedicated his translation of Boccaccio's On Famous Women to Eleanor.
Translation
Eleanor was a great lover of books and literate in several languages.[2] She translated The History of the King's Son of Galicia, named Pontus, and the beautiful Sydonia (Pontus and Sidonia) from French to German.[2] The French original passed through several editions between 1480 and 1550.[2]
In addition to translating the work, Eleanor also revised it to increase the political power of women.[2] Only the courts with effective female advisors retained their political stability.[2]
Based on the number of printings, it was a popular book.[2] A copy of the German translation, preserved in the library of Gotha, bears the date 1465.[3]
Eleanor and Elisabeth von Nassau-Saarbrücken are credited with introducing the prose novel to German literature.[2]
Death
Eleanor died giving birth to her son Wolfgang at Innsbruck on 20 November 1480 and was buried in Stams.
Gallery
- Sigismund, Archduke of Austria and his betrothed Radegonde of Valois and successive wives Eleanor of Scotland and Catherine, Archduchess of Austria.
- Sigismund and Eleanor Statues in Stams
References
- ^ a b c d Watanabe, Professor Morimichi (28 July 2013). Nicholas of Cusa – A Companion to his Life and his Times. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9781409482536.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Schaus, Margaret (1 January 2006). Women and Gender in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780415969444.
- ^ a b Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Society. 1 January 1862. p. 95.
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Austria
- Gertrude of Hohenberg
- Elisabeth of Carinthia
- Blanche of France
- Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
- Isabella of Aragon
- Catherine of Savoy
- Joanna of Pfirt
- Elizabeth of Bavaria
- Anne of Bohemia
- Catherine of Bohemia
- Viridis Visconti
- Elisabeth of Bohemia
- Beatrice of Nuremberg
- Joanna Sophia of Bavaria
- Elizabeth of Luxembourg
- Eleanor of Portugal
- Bianca Maria Sforza
- Isabella of Portugal
- Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
- Maria of Austria
- Anna of Tyrol
- Eleonora Gonzaga
- Maria Anna of Spain
- Maria Leopoldine of Austria
- Eleonora Gonzaga
- Claudia de' Medici
- Anna de' Medici
- Hedwig of Sulzbach
- Margaret Theresa of Spain
- Claudia Felicitas of Austria
- Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
- Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
- Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
- Maria Josepha of Bavaria
- Maria Luisa of Spain
- Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
- Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
- Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
- Maria Anna of Savoy
- Elisabeth of Bavaria
- Zita of Bourbon-Parma
Styria, Carinthia, Carniola
- Viridis Visconti
- Joanna II of Naples
- Catherine of Burgundy
- Margaret of Pomerania
- Cymburgis of Masovia
- Eleanor of Portugal
- Mechthild of the Palatinate
- Bianca Maria Sforza
- Isabella of Portugal
- Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
- Maria Anna of Bavaria
- Maria Anna of Bavaria
Tyrol
- Catherine of Bohemia
- Viridis Visconti
- Joanna II of Naples
- Elisabeth of the Palatinate
- Anna of Brunswick
- Eleanor of Scotland
- Catherine of Saxony
- Anne of Brittany
- Bianca Maria Sforza
- Isabella of Portugal
- Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
- Anna Juliana Gonzaga
- Anna of Tyrol
- Eleonora Gonzaga
- Claudia de' Medici
- Anna de' Medici
- Hedwig of Sulzbach
- Margaret Theresa of Spain
- Claudia Felicitas of Austria
- Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
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