Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk

Preceded byThe 15th Duke of NorfolkSucceeded byThe 17th Duke of NorfolkMember of the House of Lords
Lord TemporalIn office
11 February 1917 – 31 January 1975
Hereditary PeeragePreceded byThe 15th Duke of NorfolkSucceeded byThe 17th Duke of Norfolk Personal detailsBorn
(1908-05-30)30 May 1908Died31 January 1975(1975-01-31) (aged 66)Spouse ChildrenParentsEducationThe Oratory School

Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk KG GCVO GBE TD PC (30 May 1908 – 31 January 1975), styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey until 1917, was a British peer and politician. He was the eldest surviving son of Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk, who died when Bernard was only nine years old. His mother was Gwendoline Herries, 12th Lady Herries of Terregles, and he inherited her peerage when she died in 1945.

He was educated at the Oratory School and was commissioned into the Royal Horse Guards in 1931, but resigned his commission in 1933. He joined the 4th Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment, in the Territorial Army in 1934, and was promoted to Major in 1939. He served briefly in the Battle of France, during which he was evacuated sick. He subsequently served as Agricultural Secretary in Winston Churchill's Cabinet from February 1941 until June 1945.

As hereditary Earl Marshal, he organised the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, the funeral of Winston Churchill, and the investiture of King Charles III as Prince of Wales. He was a keen cricket fan and was the manager of the English cricket team in Australia in 1962–63, which excited much press interest.

Personal life

The Duke married the Hon Lavinia Mary Strutt, daughter of Algernon Strutt, 3rd Baron Belper, and his wife Eva, on 27 January 1937 at the Brompton Oratory.^[1] They had four daughters, three granddaughters and two great-grandchildren:^{[citation needed]}

• Lady Anne Elizabeth Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Lady Herries of Terregles, Baroness Cowdrey of Tonbridge (12 June 1938 – 23 November 2014); she married Colin Cowdrey, Baron Cowdrey of Tonbridge, in 1985.
• Lady Mary Katharine Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Lady Herries of Terregles, DCVO (14 August 1940 – 7 April 2017); she married G/Capt. Anthony Mumford in 1986.
• Lady Sarah Margaret Fitzalan-Howard (23 September 1941 – 14 June 2015); she married Nigel Clutton on 25 March 1988
• Lady Theresa Jane Fitzalan-Howard, Marchioness of Lothian, 16th Lady Herries of Terregles (24 June 1945); she married Michael Andrew Foster Jude Kerr, 13th Marquess of Lothian, on 7 June 1975. They have three daughters and two grandchildren.

The 16th Duke died on 31 January 1975, and is buried in the Fitzalan Chapel in the western grounds of Arundel Castle in Sussex.

Cricket

It was the first time that most of us had met the portly, florid aristocrat...we hardly knew what to expect: he hadn't exactly sprung to mind as a front-running candidate for the job. It was a black-tie affair, of course, and none of us dared get drunk. Eventually, over the port, the Duke rose, cleared his throat and delivered himself of a sentence I shall treasure till the end of my days: "Gentlemen", he said, "I wish this to be an entirely informal tour. You will merely address me as 'Sir'". The grand old Duke is dead now, alas, but he loved that tour of Australia more than any other official duty he had ever undertaken in his auspicious public life...I could write a whole volume on the Duke Down Under.

Ian Wooldridge^[2]

His Grace the Duke of Norfolk was appointed as manager of the England tour of Australia in the winter of 1962–63. His appointment astounded just about everyone connected with the game. He was a very pleasant man, a true gentleman and a real cricket enthusiast, but he had no track record or qualifications suited to the job to which he had been appointed ... The very first press conference was overloaded with questions about whether the Duke of Norfolk's horses would be seen on Australian race tracks. I couldn't believe it. We were there to contest the Ashes, and there was our tour manager talking about horse racing and whether the jockey Scobie Breasley was to fly out and ride for him...In no time at all the news in the press concerning the England team centred on where the Duke of Norfolk's horses were running...

Fred Trueman^[3]

The announcement that the Duke would manage the MCC cricket team in Australia in 1962–63 came as a complete surprise. He was a keen cricketer, who was President of the MCC in 1956–57 and was still a member of its powerful committee. He had managed his own tour of the West Indies with a Duke of Norfolk's XI in 1956–67, which had included the England players Tom Graveney, John Warr, Doug Wright and Willie Watson, and would organise another in 1969–70.^{[citation needed]}

His father, the 15th Duke, had built the picturesque Arundel Castle Cricket Ground and the Duke hosted matches against touring teams there from 1954, a tradition continued by his widow, Lavinia.^[4] He was not a good cricketer, even at the village green level, and it was customary to let him get off the mark before he returned to the pavilion. At Arundel the umpire was his own butler, who when he was out would diplomatically announce "His Grace is not in".^[5] The Duke was chosen after a chance remark while having drinks after an MCC Committee meeting. Billy Griffith was the prime candidate to manage the tour, but he had just been appointed the Secretary of the MCC and needed to remain at Lord's to oversee the change from the old divisions between amateurs and professionals that had been decided that autumn. The Duke offered his services when it was mentioned that the new captain Ted Dexter would be difficult to control.

Like Dexter, the Duke was a keen follower of horse-racing, and, as President of Sussex County Cricket Club, he was often at Hove and Arundel and had appointed Dexter county captain. When his appointment was announced it was joked that only a duke could manage "Lord Ted".^[6] In those days the MCC tour was seen as a social event and the team were scheduled to attend many high society events for which the Duke was well suited. His relationship with Fred Trueman was mixed; he first spoke to him at the Second Test by calling "Trueman! Over here!" and beckoning him with his finger, to which the fast bowler took exception, but they later became good friends.^[7] Socially, the Duke was a great success, his transparent enjoyment of the game and affability with the players, press and public making him popular.^[8][9][10]

As Earl Marshal of England, while in Australia he prepared the Queen's 1963 Royal Visit. He had to return to Great Britain for reasons of state for a month during the tour, which allowed Griffith to fly out and take over in his absence, thus gaining useful experience of touring Australia.^{[citation needed]}

Dukedom of Norfolk and Earl Marshal

As Duke of Norfolk, he was Earl Marshal and Hereditary Marshal of England. In that capacity, the Duke had helped to organise various state ceremonies such as the coronation of King George VI in 1937 and that of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. He also helped to organise the state funerals of King George VI in 1952 and of Winston Churchill in 1965. In 1969, he also took part in the planning for the investiture of Prince Charles as the Prince of Wales.

On his death, the dukedom passed to his second cousin once removed Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 12th Baron Beaumont, 4th Baron Howard of Glossop. The Lordship of Herries of Terregles, being an old Scottish peerage, was inherited by his eldest daughter, Anne (14th Lady Herries of Terregles, Baroness Cowdrey of Tonbridge), who had married English cricketer Colin Cowdrey.

Family tree

v t e  Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk; Earls of Arundel, East Anglia, Norfolk, Norwich, Nottingham, and Surrey; and Barons Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton

Earl of East Anglia (Earls of Norfolk and Suffolk) (1st creation), before 1069 Ralph the Staller (c. 1011–1068) 1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles c. 1066/67–1068 Ralph de Gael (c. 1040 – c. 1096) 2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles until 1074 Earldom forfeit, 1074 Earl of Norfolk (2nd creation), 1141 Hugh Bigod (1095–1177) 1st Earl of Norfolk 1141–1177 Roger Bigod (c. 1144/1150–1221) 2nd Earl of Norfolk 1189–1221 (disputed 1177–1189) Hugh Bigod (1186–1225) 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1221–1225 Baron Segrave of Se(a)grave, 1283 Nicholas Segrave (c. 1238–bef. 1295) 1st Baron Segrave Roger Bigod (c. 1209–1270) 4th Earl of Norfolk 1233–1270 Hugh Bigod (c. 1211–1266) Baron Mowbray, 1283 John Segrave (c. 1256–1325) 2nd Baron Segrave King Edward I (1239–1307) Roger de Mowbray (1254–1297) 1st Baron Mowbray Roger Bigod (c. 1245–1306) 5th Earl of Norfolk 1270–1306 Earldom extinct, 1270 Earl of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1312 Stephen Segrave (d. 1325) 3rd Baron Segrave Thomas of Brotherton (1300–1338) 1st Earl of Norfolk 1312–1338 John Mowbray (1286–1322) 2nd Baron Mowbray John Segrave (1315–1353) 4th Baron Segrave Margaret of Brotherton (1320–1399) 2nd Countess of Norfolk 1338–1399, Duchess of Norfolk "for life" 1397–1399 John Mowbray (1310–1361) 3rd Baron Mowbray Elizabeth de Segrave (1338–1368) 5th Baroness Segrave John de Mowbray (1340–1368) 4th Baron Mowbray Earl of Nottingham (1st creation), 1377 Earl of Nottingham (2nd creation), 1383 Duke of Norfolk (1st creation), 1397 John de Mowbray (1365–1383) 1st Earl of Nottingham, 6th Baron Segrave, 5th Baron Mowbray Thomas de Mowbray (1366–1399) 1st Duke of Norfolk 1397–1399, 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1399, 7th Baron Segrave, 6th Baron Mowbray Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1383 Titles forfeit, 1399 Baron Stourton, 1448 Duke of Norfolk (1st creation restored), 1425 John Stourton (1400–1462) 1st Baron Stourton, 1448–1462 Thomas de Mowbray (1385–1405) 4th Earl of Norfolk, 8th Baron Segrave, 7th Baron Mowbray 1399–1405 John de Mowbray (1392–1432) 2nd Duke of Norfolk 1425–1432, 5th Earl of Norfolk, 9th Baron Segrave, 8th Baron Mowbray 1405–1432 Margaret de Mowbray (c. 1388–1459) Robert Howard (1385–1436) Isabel de Mowbray (c. 1400–1452) James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley (c. 1394–1463) Duke of Norfolk (4th creation), 1483 William Stourton (before 1426–1478) 2nd Baron Stourton, 1462–1478 John de Mowbray (1415–1461) 3rd Duke of Norfolk, 6th Earl of Norfolk, 10th Baron Segrave, 9th Baron Mowbray 1432–1461 John Howard (1425–1485) 1st Duke of Norfolk, 13th Baron Segrave, 12th Baron Mowbray 1483–1485 Titles forfeit, 1485 Earl of Surrey and Warenne (2nd creation), 1451 Duke of Norfolk (4th creation) restored and Earl of Surrey, 1514 John Stourton (c. 1454–1485) 3rd Baron Stourton, 1479–1485 William Stourton (c. 1457–1524) 5th Baron Stourton, 1487–1524 John de Mowbray (1444–1476) 4th Duke of Norfolk, 7th Earl of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey and Warenne, 11th Baron Segrave, 10th Baron Mowbray 1461–1476 King Edward IV (1442–1483) Thomas Howard (1443–1524) 2nd Duke of Norfolk, 1st Earl of Surrey 1514–1524 Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Surrey and Warenne extinct, 1476 Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), Earl of Nottingham (3rd creation), and Earl of Warenne, 1477 Francis Stourton (1485–1487) 4th Baron Stourton, 1485–1487 Edward Stourton (1463–1535) 6th Baron Stourton, 1524–1535 Anne de Mowbray (1472–1481) 8th Countess of Norfolk, 12th Baroness Segrave, 11th Baroness Mowbray 1476–1481 Richard of Shrewsbury (1473–1483) Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warenne 1477–1483 Anne of York (1475–1511) Thomas Howard (1473–1554) 3rd Duke of Norfolk, 2nd Earl of Surrey 1524–1554 Edmund Howard (c. 1478–1539) Elizabeth Boleyn (c. 1480–1538) Earldom of Norfolk extinct and Baronies Segrave and Mowbray in abeyance, 1481 Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Warenne extinct, 1483 Attainted, 1547 Restored, 1553 William Stourton (c. 1505–1548) 7th Baron Stourton Earl of Nottingham (5th creation), 1525 King Henry VIII (1491–1547) Anne Boleyn (c. 1501 or 1507–1536) Charles Stourton (c. 1520–1557) 8th Baron Stourton Henry Howard (1517–1547) styled Earl of Surrey Thomas Howard (c. 1520–1582) Viscount Howard of Bindon Mary FitzRoy (1519–1557) Henry FitzRoy (1519–1536) Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Earl of Nottingham Catherine Howard (c. 1524–1542) Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1536 Thomas Howard (1536–1572) 4th Duke of Norfolk, 3rd Earl of Surrey, 13th Baron Mowbray 1554–1572 Henry Howard (1540–1614) Earl of Northampton Queen Elizabeth I (1533–1603) Dukedom (3rd creation) forfeit, 1572 Earl of Arundel (3rd creation), 1580 Earl of Suffolk (4th creation), 1603 John Stourton (1553–1588) 9th Baron Stourton Edward Stourton (c. 1555–1633) 10th Baron Stourton Philip Howard (1557–1595) 20th/13th/1st Earl of Arundel, styled Earl of Surrey Thomas Howard (1561–1626) Earl of Suffolk Lord William Howard (1563–1640) Earldom of Arundel and Barony of Mowbray attainted, 1589 see Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Suffolk family tree Earl of Arundel (3rd creation) and Barony of Mowbray restored, 1604 Earl of Norfolk (5th creation), 1644 William Stourton (c. 1594–1672) 11th Baron Stourton Thomas Howard (1585–1646) 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 2nd/4th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norfolk, 14th Baron Mowbray 1644–1646 see Earls of Shrewsbury family tree Edward Stourton (1617–1644) Henry Frederick Howard (1608–1652) 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 3rd/5th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, 15th Baron Mowbray 1646–1652 Alethea Howard 1585–1654 17th Baroness Strange of Blackmere, 14th Baroness Talbot, 13th Baroness Furnivall Duke of Norfolk (4th creation restored), 1660 Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 1669 Earl of Norwich (3rd creation), 1672 William Stourton (d. 1685) 12th Baron Stourton Thomas Howard (1627–1677) 5th Duke of Norfolk, 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 4th/6th Earl of Surrey, 16th Baron Mowbray 1660–1677 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1654–1677 Henry Howard (1628–1684) 6th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 17th Baron Mowbray, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1672–1684 Hon. Charles Howard (1630–1713) Col. Bernard Howard (1641–1717) Edward Stourton (1665–1720) 13th Baron Stourton Thomas Stourton (1667–1744) 14th Baron Stourton Charles Stourton (1669–1739) Henry Howard (1655–1701) 7th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 1684–1701 Lord Thomas Howard (1662–1689) Henry Charles Howard (d. 1720) Thomas Howard (1683–1732) 8th Duke of Norfolk, 23rd/16th/4th Earl of Arundel, 6th/8th Earl of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 19th Baron Mowbray 1701–1732 Edward Howard (1685–1777) 9th Duke of Norfolk, 24th/17th/5th Earl of Arundel, 7th/9th Earl of Surrey, 4th Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 20th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1732–1777 Philip Howard (1688–1750) Bernard Howard (1674–1735) Earldom of Norwich (3rd creation) and Barony of Howard of Castle Rising extinct and Baronies of Furnivall, Mowbray, Segrave, Strange of Blackmere, and Talbot abeyant, 1777 Charles Stourton (1702–1753) 15th Baron Stourton William Stourton (1704–1781) 16th Baron Stourton Winifred Howard (1726–1753) Anne Howard (1742–1787) Charles Howard (1720–1786) 10th Duke of Norfolk, 25th/18th/6th Earl of Arundel, 8th/10th Earl of Surrey 1777–1786 Henry Howard (1713–1787) Charles Philip Stourton (1752–1816) 17th Baron Stourton Charles Howard (1746–1815) 11th Duke of Norfolk, 26th/19th/7th Earl of Arundel, 9th/11th Earl of Surrey 1786–1815 William Stourton (1776–1846) 18th Baron Stourton Bernard Howard (1765–1842) 12th Duke of Norfolk, 27th/20th/8th Earl of Arundel, 10th/12th Earl of Surrey 1815–1842 Charles Stourton (1802–1872) 19th Baron Stourton Henry Howard (1791–1856) 13th Duke of Norfolk, 28th/21st/9th Earl of Arundel, 11th/13th Earl of Surrey 1842–1856 Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeayance restored, 1878 Baron Howard of Glossop Alfred Joseph Stourton (1829–1893) 24th Baron Segrave, 21st/23rd Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Stourton Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard (1815–1860) 14th Duke of Norfolk, 29th/22nd/10th Earl of Arundel, 12th/14th Earl of Surrey 1856–1860 Edward George Fitzalan-Howard (1818–1883) 1st Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton (1867–1936) 25th Baron Segrave, 22nd/24th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Stourton Henry Fitzalan-Howard (1847–1917) 15th Duke of Norfolk, 30th/23rd/11th Earl of Arundel, 13th/15th Earl of Surrey, Lord Maltravers, Earl of Arundel and Surrey 1860–1917 Francis Fitzalan-Howard (1859–1924) 2nd Baron Howard of Glossop William Marmaduke Stourton (1895–1965) 26th Baron Segrave, 23rd/25th Baron Mowbray, 22nd Baron Stourton Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (1908–1975) 16th Duke of Norfolk, 31st/24th/12th Earl of Arundel, 14th/16th Earl of Surrey 1917–1975 Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (1885–1972) 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Edward Stourton (1923–2006) 27th Baron Segrave, 24th/26th Baron Mowbray, 23rd Baron Stourton Miles Fitzalan-Howard (1915–2002) 17th Duke of Norfolk, 32nd/25th/13th Earl of Arundel, 15th/17th Earl of Surrey, 4th Baron Howard of Glossop 1975–2002 Edward William Stephen Stourton (1953–2021) 28th Baron Segrave, 25th/27th Baron Mowbray, 24th Baron Stourton Edward Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1956) 18th Duke of Norfolk, 33rd/26th/14th Earl of Arundel, 16th/18th Earl of Surrey, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop from 2002 James Charles Peter Stourton (b. 1991) 29th Baron Segrave, 26th/28th Baron Mowbray, 25th Baron Stourton Henry Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1987) styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey

Titles and honours

Titles

• Earl of Arundel (1908–1917)
• His Grace The Duke of Norfolk (1917–1975)

Honours

• Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of The Garter (1937)
• Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (1946)
• Royal Victorian Chain (1953)^[11]
• Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (1968)
• Territorial Decoration (1969)
• Privy Council of the United Kingdom (1936)
• Lord Lieutenant of Sussex (1949–1974)
• Deputy Lieutenant of Sussex (1945)
• Lord Lieutenant of West Sussex (1974–1975)

See also

• Re Duke of Norfolk's Settlement Trusts [1982] Ch 61, a case concerning the payment of the trustees of the 16th Duke's family trust

References

Political offices
Preceded by The Lord Moyne Tom Williams	Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries jointly with Tom Williams 1941–1945 Donald Scott 1945 1941–1945	Succeeded by The Earl of Huntingdon Percy Collick
Preceded by The 15th Duke of Norfolk	Earl Marshal 1917–1975	Succeeded by The 17th Duke of Norfolk
Court offices
Preceded by The Lord Hamilton of Dalzell	Her Majesty's Representative at Ascot 1945–1972	Succeeded by The Marquess of Abergavenny
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Lord Leconfield	Lord Lieutenant of Sussex 1949–1974	Office abolished
New creation	Lord Lieutenant of West Sussex 1974–1975	Succeeded by The Duchess of Norfolk
Peerage of England
Preceded by Henry Fitzalan-Howard	Duke of Norfolk 1917–1975	Succeeded by Miles Fitzalan-Howard
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by Gwendolen Fitzalan-Howard	Lord Herries of Terregles 1945–1975	Succeeded by Anne Cowdrey