African Christian Union

African Christian Union was an organization proposed in Natal by Joseph Booth in 1896 to establish industrial missions that were intended to be the initial phase of a vast programme of African development, managed by Africans. The proposal was seriously discussed by Zulu leaders, however was ultimately rejected.^[1]^[2]^[3]

References

^ C. R. D. Halisi (1999). Black Political Thought in the Making of South African Democracy. Indiana University. ISBN 0-253-33589-2.
^ George M. Fredrickson (1996). Black Liberation. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510978-3.
^ Landeg White (1987). Magomero: portrait of an African village. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-38909-7.

Pan-Africanism

Ideology

Variants	African nationalism African socialism Afrocentrism Anti-imperialism Anti-Western sentiment Black nationalism Garveyism Nkrumaism Sankarism Uhuru Movement Zikism
Concepts	African century Black power Négritude Ubuntu Ujamaa United States of Africa

Proponents

Politicians	Dennis Akumu Idi Amin Nnamdi Azikiwe Amílcar Cabral David Comissiong Jean-Jacques Dessalines Anténor Firmin Muammar Gaddafi Marcus Garvey Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof Kenneth Kaunda Modibo Keïta Jomo Kenyatta Toussaint Louverture Patrice Lumumba Samora Machel Ochola Ogaye Mak'Anyengo Thabo Mbeki Tom Mboya Robert Mugabe Abdias do Nascimento Gamal Abdel Nasser Kwame Nkrumah Julius Nyerere John Nyathi Pokela Thomas Sankara Ahmed Sékou Touré Haile Selassie Robert Sobukwe I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson
Others	Marimba Ani Molefi Kete Asante Steve Biko Edward Wilmot Blyden Stokely Carmichael Aimé Césaire John Henrik Clarke Martin R. Delany Cheikh Anta Diop W. E. B. Du Bois Frantz Fanon Amy Ashwood Garvey John G. Jackson Leonard Jeffries Yosef Ben-Jochannan Maulana Karenga Alice Kinloch Fela Kuti Malcolm X Archie Mafeje Ali Mazrui Zephania Mothopeng George Padmore Motsoko Pheko Runoko Rashidi Paul Robeson Randall Robinson Walter Rodney Burning Spear Issa Laye Thiaw Frances Cress Welsing Henry Sylvester Williams Amos N. Wilson Omali Yeshitela

Politicians

Others

Organizations

Educational	African Leadership Academy African Leadership University
Political	African Unification Front African Union All-African People's Revolutionary Party All-African Trade Union Federation Conseil de l'Entente Convention People's Party East African Community Economic Freedom Fighters First Pan-African Conference International African Service Bureau Organisation of African Trade Union Unity Organisation of African Unity Pan African Association Pan-African Freedom Movement for East and Central Africa Pan-African Congress Pan Africanist Congress of Azania Popular and Social League of the Great Sahara Tribes Rassemblement Démocratique Africain Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League ZANU–PF

Educational

Political